I came across this researching recently, this is from The Department of Social Security Administration (SSA) in the United States. And this is perfect. It highlights the 4 main characteristics of a scam.
Pretend they will pretend to be somebody, an organization you trust, or a person you know
Problem the present you with a problem, an issue, something that you need to take care of
Pressure they pressure you to act immediately, you have to do it or else there will be consequences
Pay They want you to pay / or will trick you into paying unknowningly by gaining access to your funds, or request gift cards, online transfers, or money orders. May be multiple payments in small increments.
Remember the 4 P’s when thinking if you are getting scammed, it the call, email, text, or website sounds just like this, walk away.